Pelajaran 85 : Kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif

Pelajaran ini cukup mudah, dan sering digunakan dalam percakapan, dan sebaiknya anda menguasainya dengan baik.

Kalimat aktif adalah kalimat yang Subyeknya melakukan pekerjaan :

Rudi sent an email to his friend yesterday.

Kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang Subyeknya dikenai pekerjaan ;

An email was sent to his friend by Rudi yesterday.

Pada contoh di atas :

• an email yang pada kalimat pasif adalah obyek, pada kalimat pasif menjadi subyek.
• kata kerja sent pada kalimat aktif, kini berubah menjadi was sent 
• kata  Rudi yang pada kalimat aktif adalah subyek, kini menjadi bentuk by phrase.

Beberapa contoh lain :

• Aktif : The studens help me
• Pasif : I am helped by the students

• Aktif : The voice shocks her
• Pasif : She is shocked by the voice

Jadi pembentukan kalimat pasif dimulai dari subyek kemudian to be + verb 2 (past participle) dilanjutkan dengan by phrase.

Ada beberapa bentuk tense yang digunakan dalam bentuk pasif :

Simple present tense

• She is taught by the teacher
• Donny is helped by the doctor
• The letters are wrote by the writer
• The hair is cut by the hairdresser
• The homework is done by the student

Simple past tense 

• She was taught by the teacher
• Donny was helped by the doctor
• The letters were wrote by the writer
• The hair was cut by the hairdresser
• The homework was done by the student

Present perfect tense

• She has been taught by the teacher
• Donny has been helped by the doctor
• The letters have been wrote by the writer
• The hair has been cut by the hairdresser
• The homework has been done by the student

Future tense

• She will be/ is going to be taught by the teacher
• Donny will helped / is going to behelped by the doctor
• The letters will be wrote / are going to be wrote by the writer
• The hair will be cut / is going to be cut by the hairdresser
• The homework will be done / is going to be done by the student

Perhatikan dan ingat bahwa dalam kalimat pasif, verb yang digunakan selalu verb 2 / past articiple. Jangan rancu dengan penggunaan verb dalam tense.
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