Tentang do-does / s-es

Pada pelajaran 23 ada tiga pertanyaan yang sering ditanyakan para pembelajar bahasa inggris sebagai berikut:

• Bagaimana dan mengapa kok tiba-tiba muncul DO-DOES dalam kalimat negatif?
  
• Mengapa DO-DOES tidak muncul dalam kalimat positif?
• Mengapa dalam kalimat yang menggunakan subyek orang ke-3 tunggal (he-she) harus menggunakan tambahan S/ES dan harus hilang ketika DOES muncul dalam kalimat negatif?

Dulu ketika saya menanyakan kepada guru smp saya, beliau mengatakan bahwa ini adalah peraturan dalam bahasa Inggris, dan memang sudah begitu dari sononya, dan pertanyaan MENGAPA tidak terjawab.
Saya belum tahu apakah analisa saya ini benar, tapi coba kita lihat pendapat saya sebagai berikut :

1. Sebenarnya dalam kalimat positifpun ada kata kerja bantu DO dan DOES, misal

• I do go to the town
• She does work in the restaurant
• Shinta does play the piano well

2. Dalam penggunaannya sehari-hari kata bantu ini tidak disebutkan dan tersembunyi, hanya sekali-sekali muncul untuk menyatakan penegasan.

• I do love You ( saya sungguh mencintai kamu)
• I do make it happen

3. Do dan does muncul dalam kalimat negatif dan positif, tentunya tidak mungkin do dan does muncul begitu saja tanpa sebelumnya ada dalam kalimat positif.

4. Dalam kalimat positif yang menggunakan subyek orang ke-3 (he/she), kata kerja selalu ditambahkan s/es karena adanya kata kerja bantu DOES yang tersembunyi.

• Shinta does play piano well menjadi Shinta plays piano well
• She does work in the restaurant menjadi She works in the restaurant

5. Dalam kalimat positif yang menggunakan subyek orang pertama dan kedua / orang ketiga jamak tidak ada penambahan s/es karena unsur kata kerja bantu yang digunakan adalah DO, bukan DOES.

Jadi hal ini menjawab pertanyaan pembelajar bahasa inggris tentang mengapa harus ada penambahan s/es pada kata kerja yang subyeknya orang ketiga tunggal (pada present tense), dan mengapa do dan does muncul dalam kalimat tanya dan kalimat negatif tetapi tidak terlihat di kalimat positif.

Bagaimana menurut anda?

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Langkah dan cara membuat tempe sendiri

Tempe merupakan makanan tradisional indonesia yang saat ini sangat digemari dan tidak tergantikan untuk menjadi salah satu makanan favorit untuk rakyat indonesia.

Kandungan protein yang sangat baik pada tempe menjadikan makanan ini pula sering dijadikan alternatif lauk bagi mereka yang menjalani pola makan vegetarian.

Nah, jika anda ingin belajar membuat tempe sendiri, berikut langkah langkah yang sederhana tentang cara membuat tempe.

Cara membuat tempe

Bahan pembuatan tempe :

Kacang kedelai 2kg
Ragi tempe 1 sdm
Tepung Sagu/Tapioka 1 sdm

Cara membuat tempe :

Rebus Air di panci, setelah mendidih angkat.
Masukan kacang kedelai kedalam panci yang berisi air mendidih tadi, diamkan sampai air hangat.
Kacang kedelai tadi di buang kulitnya, sampai bersih.

Rebus kacang kedelai sampai airnya mengeluarkan buih/empuk.
Buang air rebusan tadi sampai kering, lalu masukan kacang kedelai kewadah yang datar yang bawahnya dialasi kain/handuk kecil, biar meresap dan tempe cepat kering.
setelah kacang kedelai kering, pindahkan tempe ke wadah yang cekung/bowl. Masukan Ragi tempe dan tepung sagu sambil di aduk aduk dan tercampur rata. Masukan Tempe kedalam Plastik dan rapatkan ujung plastiknya. Tusuk tusuk Plastik dengan ujung pisau sebanyak 8 tusukan dan di baliknya 8 tusukan,untuk mendapatkan udara.

Setelah semua selesai masukan tempe ke dalam tempat yang hangat/kotak, tutup dengan kain/handuk kecil, jangan di buka buka kurang lebih selama 36 jam.

Ragi tempe dapat diperoleh di penjual kacang kedelai, ragi ini beda dengan ragi roti atau ragi tape.

Nah, sedikit langkah diatas dapat anda tiru untuk membuat tempe dengan sederhana. Semoga bermanfaat !

Artikel terkait :

Cara membuat tahu
Cara membuat oncom 
Cara membuat bakso

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Memperhatikan hal yang tidak diperhatikan

Sebagian besar dari kita tentu tahu dan sering menjumpai tulisan di bawah ini, tapi seberapa banyak dari kita pernah membacanya sampai tuntas dan memahami isinya dan semua istilah di dalamnya? Sebagai pembelajar BAHASA INGGRIS, memperhatikan hal-hal yang tidak diperhatikan akan memperkaya kosa kata dan pemahaman bahasa inggris kita.

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Internet Explorer

Selain mencoba memahami setiap kata dan kalimat, cobalah inventarisasi istilah-istilah yang tidak dipahami dan cari tahu artinya. Inilah cara mempelajari sesuatu, dan kita lihat pengetahuan kita akan semakin bertambah dari hari ke hari.

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The Chicago Police Department

In an effort to determine the top crime fighting agency in the country, the president narrowed the field to three finalist, the CIA, the FBI, and the Chicago Police.

The three remaining contenders were given the task of catching a rabbit which was released into the forest.

The CIA went into the forest. They placed animal informants throughout. They questioned all plant and mineral witnesses. After three months of extensive investigation they concluded that rabbits do not exist.

The FBI went into the forest. After two weeks without a capture, they burned the forest killing everything in it, including the rabbit. They made no apologies. The rabbit deserved it.

The CPD went into the forest. They came out two hours later with a badly beaten bear.
The bear was yelling "Okay, Okay, I'm a rabbit, I'm a rabbit".

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Funny strory

Berikut ini beberapa cerita lucu sebagai bahan bacaan dan belajar.

The Business Meeting

A business woman named Cindy was in the airport VIP lounge on her way to Los Angeles. While in the VIP lounge, she noticed Donald Trump sitting on the sofa enjoying a brandy. As luck would have it, Cindy was meeting with a very important client who was running somewhat late.

Being a bold business woman, Cindy decided to go ahead and approach Mr. Trump, and introduced herself. Much to her surprise Mr. Trump turned out to be very nice. Encouraged by this she explained to "the Donald" that she was about to close a very important business deal and that she would be very grateful if he could say a quick "hello Cindy" to her when she was with her client. Mr. Trump consented to do just that.

Ten minutes later while Cindy was speaking with her client, she felt a rap on her shoulder. It was Donald Trump. Cindy turned about and looked at him as Trump said.

"Hi Cindy, what's going on?"

To which Cindy glibly replied, "Not now, Donald, can't you see I'm in a meeting!"

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Medical Problem

An old woman came into her doctor's office and confessed to an embarrassing problem. "I do that all the time, Doctor Johnson, but they're soundless, and they have no odor. In fact, since I've been here, I did it no less than twenty times. What can I do?"

"Here's a prescription, Mrs. Harris. Take these pills three times a day for seven days and come back and see me in a week."

Next week an upset Mrs. Harris marched into Dr. Johnson's office. "Doctor, I don't know what was in those pills, but the problem is worse! I'm doing it just as much, but now it smells terrible! What do you have to say for yourself?"

"Calm down, Mrs. Harris," said the doctor soothingly. "Now that we've fixed your sinuses, we'll work on your hearing!!!"

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Latihan percakapan

A: Hello, Bud. How are you?

A: Hello, Bud. Apa kabar?

B: Ani! It's nice to see you.
B: Ani!. Senang berjumpa kamu.

A: Do you work in this neighborhood, Bud?
A: Apakah kamu bekerja di sekitar sini, Bud?

B: No, but I live near here. I live in a house down the street.
B: Tidak, tapi Saya tinggal di dekat sini. Saya tinggal di sebuah rumah di jalan itu.

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A: What about you? Do you work around here?
A: Kalau kamu? Apa kamu kerja di sekitar sini?

B: Yes. I work across the street
B: Ya. Saya kerja di seberang jalan itu

A: At First National Bank?
A: Di First National Bank?

B: No, at Budi's Restoran.
B: Tidak, di Restoran Budi

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Latihan percakapan

WHERE DO YOU LIVE?

A: Where do you live?

B: I live on Mawar street.

A: Where on Mawar street?

B: At eleven. Next to the cinema.

A: Di mana kamu tinggal?

B: Saya tinggal di Jl.Mawar

A: Jalan Mawarnya di mana?

B: Di (nomor) sebelas. Di samping bioskop

WHAT DO YOU DO?

A: What do you do?

B: I'm a salesman.

A: Where do you work?

B: At motorspeed inc

A: Apa pekerjaanmu?

B: Saya seorang wiraniaga.

A: Di mana kamu bekerja?

B: di PT Motorspeed

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Pelajaran 59 - Question Tag 3 -

Contoh-contoh kalimat

You are coming, aren't You?
We have finished, haven't we?
You do like coffee, don't you?
You like coffee, dont you?
They will help, won't they?
I can come, can't I?
We must go, musn't we?
He should try harder, shouldn't they?
You are Indonesian, aren't You?
John was there, wasn't he?

It isn't rain, is it?
We have never seen that, have we?
You don't like coffee, do you?
They will not help, will they?
They won't report us, will they?
I can never do it right, can I?
We musn't tell her, must we?
He shouldn't drive so fast, should he?
You aren't American, are You?
John was not there, was he?

But you don't really love her, do you?
This will work, won't it?
Well, I couldn't help it, could I?
But you'll tell me if she calls, won't you?
We'd never have known, would we?
The weather's bad, isn't it?
You won't be late, will you?
Nobody knows, do they?

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Penggemar Dragon Ball

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Pelajaran 58 - Question Tag 2-

Basic structure :
Positive statement >>>>> negative tag
The sky is blue, isn't it?

Negative statement >>>>> positive tag
You do not like football, do you?

Bentuk khusus :

I am finish, aren't I? (bukan am not I)
You have to go, don't you? ( bukan haven't you? )
Let's go, shall we? (bukan isn't, karena let's = let us)
Nothing came in the post, did it? (Nothing, nobody, merupakan bentuk negatif)
He'd better do it, hadn't he? (had better, bukan auxillairy)

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